Female Genital System (Internal & External) - Anatomy

Опубликовано: 15 Октябрь 2024
на канале: Taim Talks Med

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Small comment: at 7:06, The ovarian artery and vein runs within the suspensory ligament instead, not the ligament of ovary as stated.

0:00 Introduction
0:50 Ovaries
09:10 Uterine Tube
13:01 Uterus
21:48 Vagina
25:56 External Genital Organs
26:28 Vestibule
27:25 Labia Minora/Inner Lips
27:57 Clitoris
28:36 Bulb of Vestibule
29:06 Labia Majora/Outer Lips
29:49 Mons Pubis
30:06 Summary

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Internal Genital Organs
Ovary
Inner Structures
○ Tunica Albuginea (tunica albuginea ovarii)
○ Ovarian Cortex (cortex ovarii)
○ Ovarian medulla (medulla ovarii)
○ Follicules
External Structures
○ Mesovarian border (margo mesovaricus)
○ Free Border (margo liber)
○ Tubal Extremity (extremitas tubaria)
○ Uterine extremity (extremitas uterina)
○ Medial Surface (facies medialis)
○ Lateral Surface (facies lateralis)
Fixation of the Ovary
○ Ligament of Ovary (ligamentum ovarii proprium)
○ Suspensory ligament of ovary (ligamentum suspensorium ovarii)
○ Mesovarium

Growth and Maturation of Follicules:
Primordial Follicule
○ Contain primary oocyte
○ Single layer of follicular cells
Primary Follicules (after puberty, FSH)
○ Granulosa Cells
Secondary Follicle
○ Primary Oocyte
○ Zona Pellicida
○ Granulosa Cells
○ Follicular Fluid
○ Produce Estrogen
○ Antrum
○ Theca Folliculi
Graafian Follicle / Tertiary Follicle
Secondary oocyte. Ovulation
Corpus Luteum
Corpus Albicans

Uterine Tube (tuba uterina)
Parts of uterine tube:
○ Infundibulum (infundibulum tubae uterinae)
§ Abdominal Ostium (ostium abdominale)
§ Fimbriae (fimbriae tubae uterina)
§ Ovarian Fimbria (fimbria ovarica)
○ Ampulla (ampulla tubae uterinae)
○ Isthmus (isthmus tubae uterinae)
○ Uterine Part (pars uterina)
§ Uterine ostium (ostium uterinum)
Walls of Uterine tube:
○ Tunica Mucosa
○ Tunica Muscularis
○ Tunica Serosa
○ Mesosalpinx

Uterus
Parts:
○ Positioned in anteflexion
○ Fundus of uterus (fundus uteri)
○ Body of Uterus (corpus uteri)
○ Intestinal (posterior) surface (facies intestinalis)
○ Vesical (anterior) surface
○ Border of uterus (margo uteri)
○ Cervix of uterus
Supravaginal part (portio supravaginalis cervicis)
Vaginal Part
○ Uterine horn
○ Uterine cavity
○ The uterine opening of the oviduct (ostium uterinum tubae uternae)
○ Cervical Canal (canalis cervicis
○ External os of uterus (ostium uteri)
§ Anterior lip of cervix (labium anterius)
§ Posterior lip of cervix (labium posterius)
§ Nullipara: small and round opening
§ Primipara/multipara: narrow fissure
Internal Structures (histology):
○ Endometrium
§ Functional Layer (stratum functionalis)
□ Simple columnar epithelium
□ Endometrium Stroma
□ Uterine Glands
§ Basal Layer (stratum basalis)
○ Myometrium
§ Longitudinal bundles of smooth muscle
§ Middle layer (stratum vasculare)
§ Arcuate Arteries
§ Radial Arteries
§ Straight arteries and Spiral arteries
○ Perimetrium
Fixation of the Uterus
○ Peritoneal Folds
§ Broad Ligament of Uterus (ligamentum latum uteri) formed by peritoneum
Mesovarium
Mesosalpinx
Mesometrium
○ Parametrial Ligments
§ Cardinal ligament of uterus (ligamentum cardinale uteri)
§ Vesico-uterine ligament (ligamentum vesicouterinum)
§ Pubocervical ligament (ligamentum pubocervicale)
§ Uterosacral ligaments (ligamenta sacrouterina)
§ Recto-uterine ligament (ligamentum rectouterinum)
§ Round ligament of uterus (ligamentum teres uteri)
○ Supporting apparatus of uterus
§ Perineal Muscles
§ Levator Ani Muscle (musculus levator anii)

Vagina (vagina)
Vagina Orifice (ostium vaginae)
Vestibule (vestibulum vaginae)
Vaginal Canal (canalis vaginalis)
Anterior wall (paries anterior)
Posterior wall (paries posterior)
Vaginal Fornix (fornix vaginae)
○ Anterior part (pars anterior)
○ Posterior aprt (pars posterior)
○ Lateral parts
Hymen
○ Clinical significance: imperforated hymen may require medical intervention
Urethrovaginal septum (Septum Urethrovaginale)
Rectovaginal septum (septum rectovaginale)
Recto-uterine pouch / Pouch of douglas (excavatio rectouterina douglasi)

Vaginal Wall (histology):
Mucosa
○ Forms transverse folds
○ Estrogen promotes storage of glycogen
Muscularis

External Genital Organs:
Vestibule
○ Lesser vestibular glands (glandulae vestibulares minores)
○ Greater vestibular glands / Bartolin's glands (glandula vestibularis major bartholini). May form barthlin's cyst
Labia Minora (labia minora pudendi)
Clitoris
○ Glans of clitoris (glans clitoridis)
○ Body of clitoris (corpus clitoridis)
○ Crura of clitoris (crura clitoridis)
○ Prepuce of clitoris (preputium of clitoridis)
Bulb of vestibule (bulbus vestibuli)
Labia Majora / outer lips (labio majora pudendi)
Mons Pubis

Sources:
Memorix
Complete Anatomy by 3d4medical
Biorender