The main reason I used the method in the video is to efficiently filter features client-side with just a few lines of JavaScript using MapLibre's filter function, which isn't possible with raster tiles. The difference between raster and vector tiles is a broader topic, but focusing on H3, its hexagonal grid offers better coverage and more logical aggregation than geohash or s2 (with six sides vs. four). H3 also comes with useful aggregation functions in its library, making it adaptable for various situations. Plus, hexagons just look cooler for visualization!
Regarding GeoJSON, while it's great, when dealing with heavy datasets, sending large geometries from the server can be slow. With Deck.gl, you can just send an H3 index code, and it takes care of rendering the geometry directly in the browser. This makes the process much more efficient!