carbon tetrachloride
(tetrachloromethane, carbon tet, Halon-104, Refrigerant-10)
A chemical compound with the chemical formula CCl4. It is a colourless liquid with a "sweet" smell that can be detected at low levels.
It serves as a source of chlorine in the Appel reaction, an organic reaction that converts an alcohol into an alkyl chloride using P(C6H5)3 (triphenylphosphine) and CCl4.
It was widely used as an ingredient in fire extinguishers, a dry cleaning solvent, a refrigerant, a fumigant to kill insect pests in stored grain, and a key ingredient in lava lamps, where it adds weight to the otherwise buoyant wax.
However, it is banned worldwide for use that is involved in its emission due to the ozone-depleting property.
It is a suspected human carcinogen or "possibly carcinogenic as IARC group 2B.
It is a well-known hepatotoxin widely used to induce acute toxic liver injury in a wide range of laboratory animals. It induces oxidative damage, inflammation, fatty degeneration, and fibrosis in the liver. NF-κB is activated in the liver after CCl4 administration.