Degradable plastic bags refer to plastic bags added with a certain amount of additives (such as starch, modified starch or other cellulose, photosensitizers, biodegradants, etc.), which reduce their stability during the production process and are easier to degrade in the natural environment. Materials for making degradable plastic bags can generally be divided into four categories, namely photodegradable plastics, biodegradable plastics, photo/biodegradable plastics and water degradable plastics.
The photodegradable plastic used in the production of degradable plastic bags refers to the addition of photosensitizers to the plastic, so that the plastic will gradually decompose in the sun. It belongs to the early degradable plastics. Its disadvantage is that due to sunlight and climate change, the degradation time is difficult to predict, so the degradation time cannot be controlled.
Biodegradable plastics used to make degradable plastic bags refer to plastics that can be decomposed into low-molecular compounds under the action of microorganisms. It is characterized by convenient storage and transportation, as long as it is kept dry, it does not need to be protected from light, and has a wide range of applications. It can be used not only in agricultural mulch and packaging bags, but also in the field of medicine. With the development of modern biotechnology, biodegradable plastics have received more and more attention and have become a new generation of research and development hotspots.
The photo/biodegradable plastic used to make degradable plastic bags refers to a plastic that combines photodegradation and microorganisms, and it has the characteristics of both photodegradable and microbial degradable plastics. Water-degradable plastics used to make degradable plastic bags refer to water-absorbing substances added to plastics that can dissolve after being discarded in water. It is mainly used for medical and sanitary appliances (such as medical gloves), which is convenient for destruction and detoxification.
After 3 months of exposure to the general environment, the biodegradable garment bags began to thin, decompose, reduce strength and gradually shatter. If these fragments are buried in garbage or soil, the degradation effect is not significant.