Hopefully this help explain about how e-inks work.
[Great video that goes into more detail on how these displays works] • E-paper hacking: fastest possible refresh ...
[e-ink paper display module] - https://www.espruino.com/SSD16XX
The image of the side view of a e-ink display was constructed by FREEscanRIP
0:00 - intro
0:47 - how they work
1:40 - refresh works
2:40 - LUT/Waveforms faster refresh
4:25 - interfacing with the board