PERU - prestonica Inka, Kusko (Cusco), Qenqo, Tambomachay, Puka Pukara, Sacsayhuaman
U saradnji sa @manga_trip
Nakon jednosatnog leta lokalne aviokompanije Latam, od Lime na obali, avionom smo sleteli na 3400 metara nadmorske visine, u grad Kusko, u Andima. Na kečua jeziku Inka, reč “kosko” znači “pupak”, jer je Kusko - njihova prestonica iz XV veka, bila tačno u središtu između četiri velika dela jedinstvenog Inka carstva, Tahuantinsuju (1438-1533), koje se protezalo Andima u Peruu, Ekvadoru i delom u Kolumbiji na severu, ali i u Boliviji, Čileu i Argentini, na jugu. Osim što je na listi Uneskove svetske baštine, prema nekim navodima Kusko je najstariji kontinuirano naseljeni grad američkog kontinenta i danas broji skoro pola miliona stanovnika. Inke su podigle Kusko tako da iz vazduha ima oblik pume, jedne od njihove tri svete životinje. Duž čitavog grada koji nas je oduševio svojom lepotom i jedinstvenošću, španski osvajači rušili su starosedelačke kamene formacije i hramove Inka, podizali svoje katedrale i manastire, i pokrštavali stanovništvo. Centralni deo istorijskog jezgra kolonijalnog Kuska čini predivni Trg oružja (Plaza de Armas) - središte grada i za vreme Carstva Inka. Narednog jutra posetili smo Manastir Santo Domingo, koji je podignut na mestu Korikanče, najvažnijeg hrama Sunca, Carstva Inka. Na kečua jeziku Korikanča znači “zlatno dvorište”, jer su zidovi ovog hrama nekada bili obloženi listovima čistog zlata, uz statue koje su krasile unutrašnjost. Nakon obilaska Korikanče, krenuli smo na brda iznad Kuska, kako bi na nadmorskoj visini između 3500 i 3800 metara, obišli četiri najvažnija utvrđenja civilizacije Inka: hram Kenko (Qenqo), obredno kupalište Tambomačaj (Tambomachay) koje na španskom nazivaju i Baños de Inca (“kupatila Inka”), crvenu tvrđavu Puka Pukara, i neverovatno utvrđenje Saksajuaman (Sacsayhuaman ili Saqusaywaman), jedan od najimpresivnijh spomenika arhitekture Inka sa ogromnim blokovima kamena teškim i do trideset tona.
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After a one-hour flight by the local Latham airline, from Lima on the coast, to the city of Cusco in the Andes, we landed the plane at 3400 meters above sea level, in the city of Cusco, in the Andes. In the Quechua language of the Incas, the word "kosko" means "navel", because Cuzco - their capital from the 15th century, was exactly in the center between the four great parts of the single Inca empire, Tahuantinsuju (1438-1533), which stretched across the Andes in Peru, Ecuador and partly in Colombia in the north, but also in Bolivia, Chile and Argentina, in the south. In addition to being on the UNESCO World Heritage List, according to some reports, Cusco is the oldest continuously inhabited city on the American continent and today has almost half a million inhabitants. The Incas built Cuzco so that from the air it has the shape of a puma, one of their three sacred animals. Along the entire city, which delighted us with its beauty and uniqueness, the Spanish conquerors demolished indigenous stone formations and Inca temples, built their cathedrals and monasteries, and baptized the population. The central part of the historical core of colonial Cusco is the beautiful Plaza de Armas - the center of the city even during the Inca Empire. The next morning we visited the Monastery of Santo Domingo, which was built on the site of Coricanche, the most important temple of the Sun of the Inca Empire. In the Quechua language, Korikancha means "golden courtyard", because the walls of this temple were once covered with sheets of pure gold, along with the statues that decorated the interior. After visiting Coricancha, we headed to the hills above Cusco, in order to visit the four most important fortifications of the Inca civilization at an altitude of between 3500 and 3800 meters: the temple of Qenqo, the ritual bath of Tambomachay, which in Spanish is also called Baños de Inca ( "Bathrooms of the Incas"), the red fortress of Puka Pukara, and the incredible fortress of Sacsayhuaman (Sacsayhuaman or Saqusaywaman), one of the most impressive monuments of Inca architecture with huge blocks of stone weighing up to thirty tons.