The Gran Sasso raid, also known as Operation Eiche ("Oak"), was a daring rescue mission that took place during World War II. It occurred on 12 September 1943, aimed at liberating the deposed Italian dictator Benito Mussolini from captivity. Mussolini had been imprisoned by the Italian government following his ouster in July of the same year, as Italy was nearing an armistice with the Allied forces.