The softness rendering interface, SORI, quantitatively recreates cutaneous and kinesthetic tactile softness cues on a fingertip. Furthermore, we propose a general method employing model-based softness cue estimation and mapping for regenerating realistic softness information. SORI with decoupled control over softness cues and embedded multimodal sensing recreates homogeneous, non-homogeneous, stationary, and dynamic surfaces. Crucially, it generates personalized realistic softness cues on various fingertips by accounting for their physical properties. This novel haptic device offers new opportunities across a range of fields, from teleoperation to medical technology. Finally, our technology will expedite psychological and neuroscience research to unlock the nature of softness perception.
Link to the paper: https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas...