LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL OF MULTI-AREA SYSTEM FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY UTILIZING IN ELECTRIC VEHICLES
DESIGN DETAILS
Smart grids offer opportunity to the customers to take part actively in the electric markets. As a one type of distributed energy storage, plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) is highly expected to play a vital role for emergency reliability services due to rapid development in the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology. With the emerging trends, vehicle-to-grid technology offer electric vehicles (EVs) to participate in different ancillary services under competitive electric market. EVs provide an opportunity to grow new products and services for grid management. Particularly, EVs, which is a new form of distributed energy storage, can be used to compensate the uncontracted power in the local area if the contracts between the market players are violated. On the other hand, EVs are gaining popularity because of reduced dependence on petrol and greenhouse emissions thus contribute to clean environment.
Load Frequency Control (LFC) of multiarea consisting of, thermal, wind, solar and battery units in integration with discharged EV fleets are evaluated under deregulated environment. Particle Swarm Optimization is employed under such scenario to find the optimal gain value of PID to find the Integral of time multiplied absolute error.
PSO PARAMETERS
No of Variables=12
kpmin=1
kpmax=10
kimin=0.01
kimax=0.1
kdmin=0.0001
kdmax=0.01
SYSTEM MODELING
PV transfer function is based on the equation no.8 from reference paper 2.
REFERENCES
Reference Paper-1: Utilizing Electric Vehicles for LFC in Restructured Power Systems Using Fractional Order Controller
Author’s Name: Sanjoy Debbarma and Arunima Dutta
Source: IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid
Year:2016
Reference Paper-2: Antlion Optimizer-ANFIS Load Frequency Control for Multi-Interconnected Plants Comprising Photovoltaic and Wind Turbine
Author’s Name: Ahmed Fathy and, Ahmed M. Kassem
Source: ISA Transactions
Year:2018
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