Fetal development - Weeks 9 to 38
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Weeks 9-12
• Fetal development during the third month includes:
• A large head, about 1/2 the length of the fetus.
• Visible eyes and ears.
• A detectable heartbeat.
• Kidneys that form urine.
• Gender identification.
• Weak, undetectable body movements.
• By the end of the twelfth week after fertilization, the placenta is exchanging nutrients and producing essential hormones.
Weeks 13-16
• In the fourth month of fetal development, the face looks more human as the eyes and ears move to their final positions
• Organ Systems continue to rapidly develop.
• The gender is usually easily determined now.
• The fetus grows to a length of about 6 or 7 inches and weighs about 4 ounces.
Weeks 17-38
• By the end of the fifth month of development:
• The fetus grows to weigh about one pound.
• Fetal movements become perceptible.
• Fine hair called lanugo forms over the fetus.
• The head becomes less disproportionate as limbs and trunk grow.
• During the seventh month :
• The fetus increases in weight to 2 to 3 pounds as it gains body fat.
• Testes begin to descend.
• Many infants born prematurely at this time do survive with intensive medical support.
• In the ninth month:
• Much of the fine lanugo hair is shed.
• The brain continues to develop.
• The fetus now weighs 7 to 8 pounds and is about 20 inches long. • About a quart of amniotic fluid surrounds and protects the fetus.
• In the span of only 9 months, a fertilized oocyte develops from a single cell into a mature 8-pound fetus, ready to leave the womb and begin life on its own.