Termite | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termite
00:02:09 1 Etymology
00:02:52 2 Taxonomy and evolution
00:06:56 2.1 Basal Termite Families
00:07:26 2.2 Neoisoptera
00:08:19 3 Distribution and diversity
00:09:44 4 Description
00:13:18 4.1 Caste system
00:15:34 5 Life cycle
00:17:38 5.1 Reproduction
00:20:47 6 Behaviour and ecology
00:20:56 6.1 Diet
00:24:30 6.2 Predators
00:27:24 6.3 Parasites, pathogens and viruses
00:28:32 6.4 Locomotion and foraging
00:30:02 6.5 Competition
00:31:32 6.6 Communication
00:33:54 6.7 Defence
00:36:57 6.8 Relationship with other organisms
00:40:37 6.9 Relationship with the environment
00:41:32 7 Nests
00:44:24 7.1 Mounds
00:46:16 7.2 Shelter tubes
00:47:07 8 Relationship with humans
00:47:16 8.1 As pests
00:51:00 8.2 As food
00:53:08 8.3 In agriculture
00:54:31 8.4 In science and technology
00:56:44 8.5 In culture
00:58:37 9 See also
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SUMMARY
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Termites are eusocial insects that are classified at the taxonomic rank of infraorder Isoptera, or as epifamily Termitoidae within the cockroach order Blattodea. Termites were once classified in a separate order from cockroaches, but recent phylogenetic studies indicate that they evolved from close ancestors of cockroaches during the Jurassic or Triassic. However, the first termites possibly emerged during the Permian or even the Carboniferous. About 3,106 species are currently described, with a few hundred more left to be described. Although these insects are often called "white ants", they are not ants.
Like ants and some bees and wasps from the separate order Hymenoptera, termites divide labour among castes consisting of sterile male and female "workers" and "soldiers". All colonies have fertile males called "kings" and one or more fertile females called "queens". Termites mostly feed on dead plant material and cellulose, generally in the form of wood, leaf litter, soil, or animal dung. Termites are major detritivores, particularly in the subtropical and tropical regions, and their recycling of wood and plant matter is of considerable ecological importance.
Termites are among the most successful groups of insects on Earth, colonising most landmasses except Antarctica. Their colonies range in size from a few hundred individuals to enormous societies with several million individuals. Termite queens have the longest lifespan of any insect in the world, with some queens reportedly living up to 30 to 50 years. Unlike ants, which undergo a complete metamorphosis, each individual termite goes through an incomplete metamorphosis that proceeds through egg, nymph, and adult stages. Colonies are described as superorganisms because the termites form part of a self-regulating entity: the colony itself.Termites are a delicacy in the diet of some human cultures and are used in many traditional medicines. Several hundred species are economically significant as pests that can cause serious damage to buildings, crops, or plantation forests. Some species, such as the West Indian drywood termite (Cryptotermes brevis), are regarded as invasive species.