Primogeniture | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primoge...
00:02:07 1 Order of succession in monarchies today
00:02:17 1.1 Absolute primogeniture
00:06:18 1.2 Agnatic primogeniture
00:07:14 1.3 Male-preference primogeniture
00:08:36 2 Salic law
00:11:16 3 Preference for males
00:11:59 4 Arguments in favour
00:13:42 5 Arguments against
00:14:38 6 Historical examples
00:20:32 7 Semi-Salic law
00:21:51 7.1 Uterine primogeniture
00:22:54 7.1.1 Matrilineal primogeniture
00:23:29 8 History
00:24:15 8.1 Biblical
00:25:06 8.2 Roman law
00:26:51 8.3 Reemergence in medieval and modern times
00:28:22 8.4 Historical examples
00:35:24 8.4.1 United States and Canada
00:36:51 9 Noble titles
00:37:00 9.1 Spain
00:38:03 9.2 United Kingdom
00:38:36 10 See also
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SUMMARY
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Primogeniture (English: ) is the right, by law or custom, of the firstborn legitimate son to inherit his parent's entire or main estate, in preference to shared inheritance among all or some children, a child other than the eldest male, a daughter, illegitimate child or a collateral relative. In some cases the estate may instead be the inheritance of the firstborn child or occasionally the firstborn daughter. The descendant (often the son) of a deceased elder sibling (typically elder brother) inherits before a living younger sibling by right of substitution for the deceased heir. In the absence of any children, brothers succeed, individually, to the inheritance by seniority of age (subject to substitution). Among siblings, sons usually inherit before daughters. In the absence of male descendants in the male-line, there are variations of primogeniture which allocate the inheritance to a daughter or a brother or, in the absence of either, to another collateral relative, in a specified order (e.g. male-preference primogeniture, Salic primogeniture, semi-Salic primogeniture).
The principle has applied in history to inheritance of real property (land) as well as inherited titles and offices, most notably monarchies, continuing until modified or abolished.
Variations on primogeniture modify the right of the first-born son to the entirety of a family's inheritance (see appanage) or, in the West since World War II, eliminate the preference for males over females (absolute primogeniture). Most monarchies in Western Europe have eliminated male preference in succession: Belgium, Denmark, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
Primogeniture has not been the only form of inheritance in monarchies. The Holy Roman Emperor was selected for enthronement by a small number of powerful prince electors from among Europe's Christian males of inherited nobility. Currently, succession to the Saudi Arabian throne uses a form of lateral agnatic seniority, as did the Kievan Rus' (see Rota system), the early Kingdom of Scotland (see Tanistry), the Mongol Empire (see lateral succession) or the later Ottoman Empire (see succession practices).