Beyond the Standard Model - 4.1.3
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Link to Arvin Ash: • The STANDARD MODEL: A Theory of (almost) E...
In previous videos we have discussed many aspects of the standard model. In this video we will do something a bit different. While the standard model is a very good theory and it has passed rigorous testing, the theory doesn't tell us the full story. Thus, there are several limitations of the standard model and likewise a lot of things it doesn't take into account or explain. In this video we will take a look at some of the biggest problems and gaping holes of the standard model, and we will discuss possible solutions that could take us to a theory beyond the current standard model. This is also the field I'm personally working in, so it's an area of study which I've spend a lot of time on. Today’s topic is therefore beyond the standard model! I would like to mention that this video is made in collaboration with Arvin ash. If you would like an intuitive explanation to the equation behind the standard model check out the link to his video in the description.
There is a long list of smaller of minor issues with the standard model, but let us consider some of the primary issues. One of the most obvious problems is related to the absence of gravity. The standard model is a complete theory, which includes the matter particles which makes up the visible universe and the strong, weak and electromagnetic interactions. In school we however also learn about the 4th force called gravity, which is the one we have known for the longest time. The standard model, however, doesn't describe this force. The problem is very deeply rooted in the construction of the standard model. It has been proposed to just add a new spin 2 particle called the graviton, and this would take care of gravity. But this is not an obvious choice, it is just one idea from extrapolating on how we have described the world so far. Another solution is that gravity is a much deeper force which can only be described by some deeper theory. This seems to be necessary, because the standard model is based on a static background. Thus, the way the standard model is defined such that space-time is flat and cannot change while the standard model acts. This obviously makes the standard model incompatible with gravity as it required a dynamic curved space time to act. All of this boils down to the fact that the standard model is background dependent, it depends on some fixed background of space-time. Therefore, we would need some deeper theory beyond the standard model to understand the link between gravity and the standard model.