Hawking Radiation. ஹாக்கிங் கதிர்வீச்சு.
Hawking Radiation was enunciated by Stephen Hawking in 1974.
Stephen Hawking is considered to be a scientist of equal footing to Albert Einstein.
Stephen Hawking has written several books and one of his famous books is titled 'A Brief History of Time' From Big Bang to Black Hole.
It is said that the Big Stars in the Universe end up as Black Holes at the end of their nuclear fuel cycle.
Black holes do not even let the light away from them. Hence they appear to be black. We do not know them through optical telescopes directly. It is only by the behavior of the nearby Stars that we can infer the presence of a Black hole.
Black holes have enormous gravitation. The center of the black hole is said to be the point of Singularity. The normal laws of physics do not apply there due to the high pressure and the gravitational push of the gases surrounding it.
Black holes have an outer sheath like Event Horizon. Event Horizon does not have any solid object. It is full of gases and light which circulate the Black hole in high speed.
Any object falling into the Event Horizon falls into the point of Singularity of the Black hole and disintegrates.
The Scientists believed that once an object becomes a Black hole it will remain so for on and on.
But Hawking said that the space abounds with the creation and destruction of pair of virtual particles all the time.
If one of the pair of the virtual particle was created near the Event Horizon, created by the energy derived from the black hole, then one of the particle, the particle having the negative mass will fall into the black hole and the particle having the positive mass will escape the black hole with the speed of light.
This is called the Hawking radiation.
This process brings down the mass of the Black hole and after 10 power 67 years the black holes of the mass of our Sun would have evaporated.
In about 10 power 100 years the Supermassive black holes having a mass of 40-50 billions of the Solar masses would have evaporated and given back all its mass and energy back into the Universe to start the process of creation once again.