Synthesis of Basic Copper Carbonate Cu2(OH)2CO3 [Chemistry Experiment]
Today you will learn HOW TO MAKE BASIC COPPER CARBONATE, also known as COPPER CARBONATE or COPPER (II) CARBONATE Cu2(OH)2CO3. This easy-to-do chemistry experiment at home will teach you how to synthesize copper carbonate, and you will learn a lot about the chemistry involved in the process.
First, we make a concentrated solution of 10g of copper sulfate (CuSO4) and another of 6.64g of sodium carbonate, also known as light soda ash. The solutions should be prepared with boiling water. It is recommended to use distilled water, ideal for the process, or filtered water.
When the two salts are mixed in the presence of water, the following reaction occurs:
2CuSO4 + 2Na2CO3 + H2O → Cu2(OH)2CO3 + 2Na2SO4 + CO2
Basic copper carbonate is separated from the sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) solution, first by decantation, a mixture separation process based on the density difference of the components of the heterogeneous mixture.
Here, decantation serves to separate the basic copper carbonate, which is insoluble, from most of the remaining solution.
After that, a simple filtration is performed, separating the solid from the liquid. (And also a bonus on vacuum filtration)
The solid from the filtration is washed with boiling water to reduce contamination by Na2SO4, thus increasing the purity of the final product.
Drying is done in the oven, paying attention to its temperature, which is limited to 200ºC, as this is the melting point, the point at which it changes from solid to liquid, of basic copper carbonate.
The utensils are cleaned with hydrochloric acid (HCl), since an insoluble product is not washed away by water. Hydrochloric acid is used in this cleaning process because it reacts with copper carbonate to form another salt, which is soluble, according to the reaction:
4HCl + Cu2(OH)CO3 → 3H2O + CO2 + 2CuCl2
Here, copper chloride, CuCl2, is soluble and carried away by the water.
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