The Hidden Power of Germline Targeting in HIV Vaccine Development
Is germline targeting the future of HIV vaccine development?
Despite four decades of effort, traditional vaccine approaches have been unable to prevent HIV acquisition. Because the virus mutates rapidly and hides from the immune system, most experts think more sophisticated vaccine strategies will be necessary and that the research and development process will probably take years.
One novel strategy, known as germline targeting, uses a series of primer and booster vaccines to train B cells – the immune system’s antibody factories – to recognise HIV and produce broadly neutralising antibodies (bnAbs) that can deactivate the virus. To overcome HIV’s ability to hide, scientists create ‘immunogens’, or artificial constructs containing viral proteins designed to provoke a robust immune response. Seven research teams published results from early studies of this approach to coincide with HIV Vaccine Awareness Day on 18 May.
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