Making Color-Shifting Rare Earth Salts
In this video I make the sulfates and potassium double-salts of six different lanthanides, which all exhibit fascinating optical properties. Four of the salts change color depending on the type of light they're under, and the other two are strongly fluorescent under short-wave UV light.
This was technically done in my process of trying to make every possible alum, but honestly I think this video ended up being more interesting than that one will be if I can ever get it finished.
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CORRECTION: I stated in-text during the video that retrograde solubility is due to enthalpy equilibrium, but this is not the case. Many salts with exothermic dissolution do not exhibit retrograde solubility (ie: NaOH, KOH). In reality, retrograde solubility is caused by having a significant negative entropy associated with the dissolution due to the high degree of organization of the solvent molecules around the ion when in solution. At higher temperatures the solvent molecules cannot maintain that organization due to having too much kinetic energy and the ion is less effectively solubilized. dG = dH - TdS
Credit for correction:
@oceanjunkie5968
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