HESI A2 Exam: Reflection and Refraction
• The normal is an imaginary line that is _________
• The law of reflection states that ___________
• A ray of light striking a mirror at an angle of incidence of 60 degrees would reflect off the mirror at an angle of reflection of __________
• The law of refraction (Snell's law) states that _____________
The ray of light that initially hits a polished surface is called the incident ray.
The ray that gets reflected away is called the reflected ray.
The point at which the light hits the surface is called the point of incidence.
If a line is drawn perpendicular to that point, it is called the normal.
An angle of reflection measures the position of the reflected ray in relation to the normal.
The angle formed between the normal and the incident ray at the point of incidence is called the angle of incidence.
According to the law of reflection, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
If you look at your own reflection on the inside of a spoon, you'll end up seeing an image that is upside down and backwards. The incident rays from the top of your head will be reflected towards the bottom. The incident rays from your chin will be reflected towards the top. Because the spoon is curved from top to bottom, your reflection appears upside down.
The law of reflection still applies for curved surfaces, but the normal on a curved surface is different depending on where the ray strikes. You have to think of one curved surface as sort of a combination of tiny flat surfaces. Each little piece of the curve has its own unique normal.
When light passes from one medium to another with different densities, its path gets deviated. This phenomenon is called the refraction of light. Components included in refraction of light are an incident ray, refraction ray, normal, and point of incidence.
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