Parallel Worlds | Everett's Many-Worlds Interpretation
More than 60 years ago, a young and little-known Princeton University physicist, Hugh Everett, published a paper whose radical view of the universe's structure thrilled the entire scientific community. Everett's idea, proposing a solution to one of the main quantum mysteries of physics, was both insane and equally brilliant.
The young physicist's work caused a sensation in the scientific world, but at the time, in addition to his supporters, there were plenty of opponents among scientists who disagreed with his conclusions. Yet, it's worth noting that to this day, not a single coherent refutation of this theory has been presented.
Since then, Everett's many-worlds interpretation has gained supporters and followers worldwide, and Everett himself instantly became famous for his revolutionary approach to explaining the structure of the Universe. Hugh Everett's new, expanded interpretation of quantum mechanics, known in the West as the "many-worlds interpretation," proposes the existence, in a sense, of "parallel universes" in different states, but each subject to the same laws of nature.
It's also worth noting that the term "many-worlds" itself can be misleading, as Everett's interpretation doesn't actually imply the existence of multiple worlds: in reality, there is only one universe, simply multilayered, and each object in it can be in different states.
Although the original hypothesis was formulated by Hugh Everett back in 1957, several new versions of the MWI have been proposed since the original work. However, they all share two key points:
the first point is the description of the state of the universe, which obeys the Schrödinger equation.
The second is the assumption that the state of the Universe is a quantum superposition of several (or even an infinite number) states of identical but non-interacting parallel universes.
Two clarifications are necessary here. The Schrödinger wave equation is the essence of quantum theory and the most famous equation in physics. Briefly, the meaning of the Schrödinger equation boils down to describing the change in the wave function in time and space, or, more precisely, how the probability waves of a particle's location at a given point in space propagate. It is based on the principle of quantum duality—the dual nature of objects in the microscopic world, which often behave more like waves than particles.
Quantum superposition is one of the most mysterious and paradoxical principles of quantum mechanics, and one that defies common sense. However, in simple terms, the principle of superposition can be summarized as follows: a quantum object can simultaneously exist in several quantum states. If we imagine an electron and mentally place it in one of two boxes, then as a quantum object, it can be in both boxes simultaneously. This property is called a superposition of two states. But the wonders don't end there. As soon as we want to know the electron's exact location, it changes from a quantum object to an ordinary one and ends up in one of the boxes.
This difficult-to-recognize fact, however, has been repeatedly confirmed in various physics experiments, not only with electrons but also with larger objects...
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