Introduction to Structural Engineering | Civil Engineering Course
Introduction to Structural Engineering | Civil Engineering Course
Structural Engineering is that branch of engineering which deals with structural analysis and structural design. Structural analysis deals with the development of suitable arrangement of structural elements for the structures to support the external loads or the various critical combinations of loads which are likely to act on the structures. The analysis also deals with the determination of internal forces in the various members (viz., axial forces, bending moments and shear forces), state of stresses or critical combination of stresses at the various points (which includes the nature, magnitude, and direction of these stresses) and the external reactions due to worst possible combination of the loads. The external reactions are transmitted to the foundation. The methods of structural analysis and the principles involved in them remain independent of the materials used for all types of structures, whether the structures are built of plastics, timber, aluminium, steel or reinforced concrete. Structural design deals with the selection of proper material, proper sizes, proportions and shape of each member and its connecting details. The selection is such that it is economical and safe. It satisfies all the stress requirements imposed by the most severe combination of loads to which the structure is required to transmit or resist including its self-weight. The structural design further deals with the preparation of final layout of the structure. The finished design drawings with all partinent or controlling dimensions for all the members, parts and connections are made. The finished design drawings are necessary for fabrication and construction. The structural design is governed with the standard specifications. The hand-books are used as working tools in the structural design.
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