Vernalization | vernalization in plants | class 12
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This lecture is about
Vernalisation
Biennials and perennial plants are stimulated to flowering by exposure to low
temperature. This is called vernalisation. The low temperature stimulus is received
by the shoot apex of a mature stem or embryo of the seed but not by the leaves as in
photoperiodism.
For some plants, vernalisation is an absolute requirement or in some cases it simply
assists in inducing flowering. The duration of low temperature (chilling) treatment
required varies from four days to three months.
Temperature around 4°C is found to be very effective. It stimulates the production
of “vernalin” hormone which induces vernalisation, it is now believed that vemalin is
nothing special but actually is gibberellin.
Photoperiodism and vernalisation serve to synchronise the reproductive behaviour of
plants with their environment, ensuring reproduction at favourable times of year. They
also ensure that members of the same species flower at the same time, encouraging
cross pollination for genetic variability.