The Active Volcano in Panama; Baru, Site of a Catastrophic Landslide
Approximately 9,000 years ago, an area 30% larger than the nation of Dominica was covered by a single supermassive landslide. This landslide originated from Panama's only active volcano; a complex known as Baru. In this landslide, Baru lost 30 cubic kilometer in volume, with this material going on to travel dozens of miles until coming to a stop by which time it has covered an area of 973 square kilometers. This ancient landslide (which only lasted a dozen minutes 9,000 years ago) dominates the modern Baru volcano, which has erupted multiple times in the last 1,000 years.
Pyroclastic flow & lahar hazard map for the Baru volcano can be found at: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1401/of...
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Sources/Citations:
[1] U.S. Geological Survey
[2] Sherrod, D.R., Vallance, J.W., Tapia Espinosa, A., and McGeehin, J.P., 2008, Volcan Baru—eruptive history
and volcano-hazards assessment: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007–1401, 33 p., 1 plate, scale
1:100,000. http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1401
[3] Herrick, Julie & Rose, William I. (2009). Evidence of Multiple Flank Collapse at Volcan Baru, Panama. AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts. -1. 1259.
[4] Herrick, Julie & Siebert, Lee & Rose, William I. (2013). Large-volume Barriles and Caisán debris avalanche deposits from Volcán Barú, Panama. Special Paper of the Geological Society of America. 498. 141. 10.1130/2013.2498.
0:00 Panama's Sole Volcano
0:33 Baru's Ash Plain
1:49 Geologic Setting
2:30 Debris Avalanches
3:44 Recent Eruptions