What is a vaccine? Why we need a vaccine? How does it work?
Welcome to Sir M.L.'s Biology, in this video we take a look at the what, why and how about vaccines. What is a vaccine? Why we need a vaccine? How does it work? How are they made? Why do we have side effects? And so on. A vaccine is a substance containing a pathogen or part of a pathogen that is administered to a person so that an immune response is mediated to make antibodies as well as memory cells through the proliferation of T cells and B cells. Side effects are normal when vaccinated because of the rapid response of our innate immunity which becomes slower the older we get. Side effects also means that the vaccine is working well. Vaccines are an artificial, active and acquired type of immunity, and we need it because it offers protection against infectious and virulent pathogens that our immune system alone cannot deal with. More importantly though, a vaccine offers “herd immunity” which helps to protect the more vulnerable and susceptible individuals in a population and also controls the spread of a particular pathogen. Vaccines are made using different methods and may use either a whole organism or part of an organism, a vaccine may contain an inactivated pathogen, a live attenuated or weakened pathogen, toxins secreted by a pathogen or the genetic material of a pathogen. Vaccines work to stimulate the adaptive or acquired immunity of an individual to synthesize antibodies specific to antigen of a particular pathogen and memory cells.
Timestamp:
00:00 Introduction
00:18 What is a vaccine?
00:54 How is covid-19 Vaccine administered?
01:00 Why a vaccine is administered?
01:20 What type of immunity is a vaccine?
02:38 Why do we need a vaccine?
03:50 Why do we get side effects?
04:35 How does a vaccine work?
05:05 How are vaccines made?
05:20 Types of vaccines
06:38 Covid-19 vaccine
Intro Audio: NCS
Partial clip of spike glycoprotein: • Video licensed under YouTube creative commons