What Is Mobile First Indexing?
Mobile first indexing is a new way that Google is crawling and putting pages in their index, which is where their search results come from. Up until now, Googlebot (their crawler, which scans and indexes web pages) has taken the desktop version of your website pages, and these have been what appears in search results. In December 2017, Googlebot Smartphone (a new crawler which scans pages as if it were a mobile phone) has been indexing pages in limited amounts. Now, in July 2018, Google is rolling out mobile first indexing for everyone.
What does this mean?
The first thing to realize is that however your web pages render on mobile is how they will be indexed in search results. If you have a site that is not mobile-friendly, Google will then go to the desktop version and index that.
Google first started pushing website owners this direction in April of 2015, in what was known at the time as Mobilegeddon. This was when they announced they would be favoring mobile-friendly pages over non-mobile-friendly pages.
Fast forward to now, and it is imperative that your site is mobile-friendly if you want it to rank above your competition.
In addition to that, your site should load quickly, because most people access the internet through their mobile phones, and not everyone has a great data plan. Our advice is get good hosting (Kinsta or WP Engine if you have a WordPress site). It is critical to have a mobile-friendly site that loads fast. Get off the $5/month hosting already!
Another thing that is important is making sure that the mobile version of your website serves the same information as your desktop pages. Use caution if you are reducing the amount of main content information for mobile users. This includes the structured data (Schema or Microformats) that is in the code base of each page.
Here is a myth that we should dispel quickly. There are not two indexes of search results -- there is not a separate index of search results for desktop and another for mobile. There is only index that the search results come from, and that contains the mobile version of your web pages.
Why is Google doing this?
Mobile use has accelerated over the last ten years, and more people access the internet through their phone than on desktop. Google had to address that. This is the reason for the mobile first index.
What should you do?
Make sure you have the best content for the search phrases you are targeting with a specific page. The best answers will have the best chance of moving up the search rankings. Have a mobile-friendly site. Prioritize have a website that loads quickly, with emphasis on Time To First Byte.
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